Haryana conviction rate triples to 72% under new criminal laws

Haryana has recorded a sharp improvement in its criminal justice system after the implementation of new criminal laws, with the state’s conviction rate rising to 72% in 2025. This marks a nearly threefold increase compared to the earlier conviction rate of 24% under the old legal framework. Officials say the improvement is the result of faster investigations, strong forensic support, and increased use of technology across policing and courts.

The data was shared by additional chief secretary (Home) Sumita Misra while addressing prosecution officers at a workshop held in Panchkula. According to her, Haryana’s focus on timelines, scientific evidence, and digital tools has helped reduce delays and improve the quality of investigations, leading to better outcomes in courts.

Faster investigations and forensic push

Between July 2024 and December 2025, Haryana registered more than 1.59 lakh first information reports (FIRs). During this period, the state achieved an 87% chargesheeting rate, meaning most cases were investigated and prepared for trial within the legal timeframe. A large majority of investigations were completed within the mandatory 60-day and 90-day limits, which is considered crucial for ensuring timely justice.

One of the key reasons behind this improvement has been the strong focus on forensic science. In 2025, forensic experts visited 97.2% of crime scenes where mandatory examination was required. This ensured that evidence was collected at the earliest stage and in a scientific manner. As a result, there is now zero pendency in serious criminal cases requiring forensic input, a rare achievement for a large state.

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Haryana has also set a national benchmark in cases related to the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act. The state recorded a 99% DNA positivity rate in such cases, indicating high accuracy and reliability of forensic testing. Officials say this has helped courts arrive at clear conclusions, reducing acquittals caused by weak or missing evidence.

To further strengthen forensic capacity, the state government has approved an investment of ₹119 crore for modernisation. This includes the deployment of 40 mobile forensic vans, which allow experts to reach crime scenes quickly, especially in remote or rural areas. A new DNA Division has also been set up in Gurugram to handle complex and sensitive cases more efficiently. Authorities believe these steps will further improve conviction rates in the coming years.

Technology, reforms and prison expansion

Along with forensic improvements, Haryana has made extensive use of technology to speed up trials and reduce pressure on courts and prisons. According to the government, 78% of undertrial prisoner appearances are now conducted through virtual mode. This has reduced the need for physical movement of prisoners, improved security, and saved both time and resources.

The state has also created more than 2,100 electronic witness examination facilities. These allow witnesses to testify remotely, which has helped reduce delays caused by travel issues, security concerns, or repeated adjournments. Officials say this has made the justice system more accessible and efficient, especially for vulnerable witnesses.

Beyond policing and prosecution, the Haryana government has introduced reforms aimed at reducing prison overcrowding and promoting social correction. In 2025, Haryana became the first state in the country to notify Community Service Guidelines. These guidelines introduce 17 types of alternative punishments for first-time offenders involved in minor crimes.

Instead of sending such offenders to jail, courts can now order community-based penalties such as environmental cleanup, public service work, or blood donation. The aim is to focus on reform and restoration rather than punishment alone. Officials believe this approach will reduce repeat offences while easing the burden on prisons.

Despite these measures, prison capacity remains a concern due to rising population and ongoing trials. To address this, the government has approved ₹284 crore for the construction of three new district jails in Charkhi Dadri, Fatehabad, and Panchkula. These facilities will add space for around 4,000 inmates. In addition, a modern jail complex in Rewari has already been completed at a cost of ₹95 crore and is expected to help reduce congestion in nearby districts.

Sumita Misra said Haryana’s experience shows that strong coordination between police, prosecutors, forensic teams, and courts can bring real change to the justice system. She added that strict adherence to timelines, use of scientific evidence, and adoption of digital tools are essential for building public trust.

As Haryana moves forward under the new criminal laws, the state’s model is increasingly being seen as an example of how legal reforms, when backed by infrastructure and technology, can deliver faster and more effective justice. While challenges remain, officials say the sharp rise in conviction rates is a clear sign that the system is moving in the right direction.