Over the last decade, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has introduced major reforms that have transformed India’s economy, society, and global standing. His initiatives focus on infrastructure, women’s empowerment, national security, legal reform, digital access, and manufacturing. These changes not only solve immediate challenges but also build a foundation for a self-reliant, inclusive, and progressive India.
One of Modi’s most significant achievements is modernising infrastructure, especially the Indian Railways. The launch of 41 Vande Bharat Express trains has connected 24 states and 256 districts on electrified broad-gauge lines. These trains provide fast, eco-friendly travel and support economic growth across regions. In December 2023, six new routes, including Katra-Delhi and Amritsar-Delhi, were inaugurated. These developments improve connectivity, reduce pollution, and stimulate local economies, reflecting Modi’s vision for a strong national infrastructure.
Empowering women has been a central part of Modi’s reforms. Programs like the Lakhpati Didi Yojana provide financial support to women, helping them start businesses and achieve independence. The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, launched in 2016, gives free cooking gas connections to families below the poverty line. This program improves health, reduces women’s daily labor, and raises living standards for millions.
Another innovative initiative, the Namo Drone Didis Initiative, trains rural women to use drones for agriculture. About 15,000 women-led Self-Help Groups have been provided drones for tasks like crop monitoring and sowing. This project creates new income opportunities and integrates technology into rural livelihoods, representing a significant step in gender-inclusive development.
Modi has also focused on national security through defence self-reliance. India now produces artillery, submarines, combat aircraft, and missile systems domestically. The fully homegrown BrahMos missile highlights this progress. Indigenous defence manufacturing reduces dependency on imports and positions India as a global player in defence technology.
Modernising India’s legal system has been another key reform. In December 2023, bills were introduced to update the Indian Penal Code (1860), the Code of Criminal Procedure (1973), and the Indian Evidence Act (1872). These reforms streamline the justice system, making it more efficient, victim-focused, and relevant to contemporary needs, strengthening public trust in the law.
The Digital India Programme, launched in 2015, has created a digitally empowered society. By expanding access to digital services and bridging the urban-rural divide, it promotes inclusion and builds a knowledge-based economy. Citizens can access government services, conduct financial transactions online, and benefit from improved efficiency and transparency.
Public health and sanitation have also been a focus. The Swachh Bharat Mission has made cleanliness a national movement, reducing open defecation and improving hygiene. With the support of initiatives like the Swachh Bharat Cess, 25 states are now open defecation free. This program demonstrates how collective citizen action can create systemic change.
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Social justice reforms include the ban on triple talaq, ensuring women’s rights and promoting equality in the Muslim community. Modi’s administration also passed the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, which modernises religious endowment management, prevents misuse, and increases accountability. The Act requires mandatory registration of waqf properties, includes non-Muslim members on Waqf Boards, and reserves seats for women. These measures improve transparency and benefit marginalized communities.
In manufacturing, the Make in India Initiative has attracted foreign investment, created jobs, increased exports, and integrated India into global supply chains. By liberalising foreign direct investment in 25 sectors, the program improves business conditions, global competitiveness, and logistics performance, helping India emerge as a manufacturing hub.
Prime Minister Modi’s reforms over the last decade have not only solved pressing issues but also laid a strong foundation for India’s future. From modern infrastructure and women’s empowerment to digital innovation, legal reform, defence self-reliance, and manufacturing growth, his policies have touched every aspect of national life. By blending tradition with innovation, Modi has strengthened India’s global standing and inspired a path toward a self-reliant, inclusive, and prosperous nation.
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